The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-Eight – Fun Fact

Have you ever been in a crowd and it suddenly went silent? Have you ever been a part of a moment of silence? Whether it’s planned or not, the idea of an entire crowd going and remaining silent is always an impressive feat. Today’s Fun Fact for The Prince and the Pauper Chapter 28 focuses on…

CROWDS GOING SILENT

Keep reading or watch the video below for more information.

Reference in The Prince and the Pauper

“A faint tinge appeared for a moment in the lady’s cheek, and she dropped her eyes “Hendon made no outcry under the scourge, but bore the heavy blows with soldierly fortitude. This, together with his redeeming the boy by taking his stripes for him, compelled the respect of even that forlorn and degraded mob that was gathered there; and its gibes and hootings died away, and no sound remained but the sound of the falling blows. The stillness that pervaded the place, when Hendon found himself once more in the stocks, was in strong contrast with the insulting clamour which had prevailed there so little a while before.” (p. 173)

A Moment of Silence

Typically, a planned moment of silence is a gesture to show respect, often for someone who has passed away, or often for a tragedy where many people die. Often times they can be 60 seconds long, but really can be any length of time.

The first recorded official moment of silence for someone who died took place in Portugal on February 13, 1912. The moment was for José Maria da Silva Paranhos Júnior, the baron of Rio Branco, Brazil. It was for ten minutes. The same year many places held a moment of silence for the Titanic and Maine shipwrecks.

Detecting Lies

So what about those silences that are unplanned? Often times these are referred to as an awkward silence, dead air, or a pregnant pause. Most people have experienced these at some point in their life. Some people claim that these silences often happen exactly 20 minutes after the hour (6:20, 2:20, etc.)

There are two different types of susperstitious reasons people claim as the reason for why this happens. The first is that some people believe that angels are singing, and the all humans subconsciously get silent when that is happening. Another susperstitious explanation is that since Abraham Lincoln died at 7:20, people naturally continue to observe a silence at 20 minutes after the hour. However, both of these explanations don’t have anything to support them.

There is also a more scientific explanation, though this one doesn’t really relate to the 20 minutes idea. Some people claim that our human instincts mostly revolve around silence. When we grow silent as a group, our instincts are kicking in to ensure there is no danger nearby. Once we are sure there is no threat, we continue with our conversations.

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References

https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/everyday-myths/hush-crowded-room.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_of_silence

https://www.stockunlimited.com/image/crowd-gesturing-silence_1883498.html

The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-Eight – Historical Tidbit

Our Historical Tidbit for today focuses on yet another moment in The Prince and the Pauper where Mark Twain throws out a reference and does not include any context whatsoever. Today’s Historical Tidbit is about…

KING HENRY II BEING WHIPPED

Keep reading or watch the video below to learn more.

Edward finds out that he was going to be whipped for speaking out on Miles’s behalf. The paragraph excerpt below breaks down what is going through his mind in that moment.

“The King was seized.  He did not even struggle, so paralysed was he with the mere thought of the monstrous outrage that was proposed to be inflicted upon his sacred person.  History was already defiled with the record of the scourging of an English king with whips—it was an intolerable reflection that he must furnish a duplicate of that shameful page.”  (p. 172)

So who was the king who was whipped in the past? King Henry II

Who was Henry II?

  • Great grandson of William the Conqueror
  • Father of Richard the Lionheart and King John
  • Duke of Normandy by age 18
  • Became king at age 21
  • Had many disputes with King Louis VII of France
    • Including marrying his ex-wife
  • Massively reconstructed royal government 
  • Changed the relationship between the church and monarchy
  • Makes Thomas Becket (his chancellor) the Archbishop of Canterbury
  • The two often quarreled

Why was he whipped?

  • Henry supposedly said “someone rid me of this turbulent priest” about Becket
  • Four knights misinterpreted his words and murdered Becket
  • The pope blamed the King for Becket’s death
  • As penance for his sin, he was whipped by every Monk


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References

https://www.fromoldbooks.org/Burton-WonderfulProdigies/pages/p112-King-henry-Whipped/230×200-q75.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becket_controversy

https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/King-Henry-II-of-England/

The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-Eight – Vocabulary

Our vocab word for The Prince and the Pauper Chapter 28 focuses on a commonly-used word. It typically evokes a particular image in people’s minds. The vocab word is…

MOB

Keep reading or watch the video below see how the word ‘mob’ is used in The Prince and the Pauper.

MOB

DEFINITION

(n.) a large and disorderly crowd of people
FACTS/CHARACTERISTICS

often bent on riotous or destructive action
EXAMPLES

crowd
flock
throng
NON-EXAMPLES

solitude
hermit

Etymology

  • Language of Origin: Latin
  • Mobile vulgus = “vacillating crowd”

Sentences/Additional Forms

  • Straightforward sentence: After leaving the basketball game, I lost my friend in the mob outside the arena.
  • Sentence from the chapter: “There sat his poor henchman in the degrading stocks, the sport and butt of a dirty mob…” (p. 171)
  • Other forms: mob (v.), mobbish (adj.)

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References

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mob#synonyms

https://www.istockphoto.com/illustrations/angry-crowd

The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-Seven – Current Event

In Chapter 27 of The Prince and the Pauper, Edward really comes to the realization that the laws of England are cruel. He experiences this first-hand and then vows to go back and make changes when he is finally back on the throne. In the Chapter 27 Current Event, we explore a story of another boss who has learned the truth behind his company’s policies…

MARK TAYLOR

Keep reading or watch the video below to find out more.

Reference in The Prince and the Pauper

“ The King’s eye burned with passion.  He said—

‘None believe in me—neither wilt thou.  But no matter—within the compass of a month thou shalt be free; and more, the laws that have dishonoured thee, and shamed the English name, shall be swept from the statute books.  The world is made wrong; kings should go to school to their own laws, at times, and so learn mercy.’ ” (p. 170)

Here we see Edward reflecting on his experience meeting prisoners in and English prison.

Who is Mark Taylor?

  • Managing Director of Pickfords, Britain’s largest and oldest removal and storage company (around for over 400 years)
  • Mark started as a trainee in 1986
  • Wasn’t highly educated
  • Now a millionaire
  • Decided to go undercover to find why it’s hard to recruit Pickfords staff

What happened?

  • Disguised himself as “Dave”
  • Discovers the brutal living conditions some of his employees face when working overnight jobs for his company
  • He also discovers one of his teams had been relocated and they were working out of a shipping container

So what does he do about it?

  • Hundreds of thousands of children may have gone missing in the last 40 years
  • He said: “This experience has taught me we need to have a better level of pay and give them a direct career path. It’s not just about the money it’s about praising people, listening, they know they’re being looked out for.”
  • He vowed to make some major changes
    • Invest money for a company-wide pay increase
    • He will increase night out allowance
    • Gives check to some individual workers

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References

https://www.the-sun.com/entertainment/tv/3506772/undercover-boss-mark-taylor-staff-sleep-vans-2/

https://www.mirror.co.uk/tv/tv-news/undercover-boss-mark-taylor-blows-24795781

The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-Seven – Historical Tidbit

Our Historical Tidbit for today focuses on one of the saddest moments in The Prince and the Pauper. Two women in the story suffer a tragic fate because of their religion. Today’s Historical Tidbit is about…

HERESY IN TUDOR ENGLAND

Keep reading or watch the video below to learn more.

While Edward is serving time in prison, he meets a number of different prisoners and finds himself moved by their stories. Among the prisoners he meets are two women.

He asked them why they were in prison, and when they said they were Baptists, he smiled, and inquired—

‘Is that a crime to be shut up for in a prison?  Now I grieve, for I shall lose ye—they will not keep ye long for such a little thing.’

They did not answer; and something in their faces made him uneasy. He said, eagerly—

‘You do not speak; be good to me, and tell me—there will be no other punishment?  Prithee tell me there is no fear of that.’

In the centre of the court stood two women, chained to posts.  A glance showed the King that these were his good friends.”  (p. 166-167) 

Heresy in Tudor England

  • Heresy – belief contrary to a particular religion
  • In Tudor England, the official religion changed often
  • Those who did not follow the current religion were charged with both heresy and treason

How the Tudors dealt with Heresy

  • Henry VIII (Catholic > Protestant) – Many were executed for heresy/treason during Henry VIII’s reign
  • Edward VI (Protestant) – There were only two executions for heresy
  • Mary I (Catholic) – 283 people were burned at the stake for heresy
  • Elizabeth I (Protestant) – 4 Catholics put to death as heretics; 250 Catholics executed for treason

Punishments for Heresy Over Time

  • Pilgrimage
  • Whipping
  • Being burned at the stake
  • Torture
  • Others


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References

https://spartacus-educational.com/TUDheretics.htm

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zy7nqhv/revision/3

https://www.history.com/topics/religion/inquisition

https://www.britannica.com/topic/heresy

The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-Seven – Vocabulary

Our vocab words for The Prince and the Pauper Chapter 27 focuses on a collection of old-fashioned words that we don’t really use any more, but that are really fun to say!. The vocab words are…

HITHER (AND THITHER AND WHITHER)

Keep reading or watch the video below see how these words are used in The Prince and the Pauper.

HITHER (AND THITHER AND WHITHER)

Sentences/Additional Forms

  • Straightforward sentence: Whither are you going to school next year?
  • Sentence from the chapter: “Now and then a wintry wind shivered through the place and sent the snow eddying hither and thither” (p. 167)
  • Other forms: whence = from where; hence = from here; thence = from there

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References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locative_adverb

https://jonhaines.com/2015/07/15/whither-hither-thither-in-english-greek-and-latin/

https://www.unitednow.com/Dr.-Seuss-Directional-Signs-Mini-Bulletin-Board-Set-by-Eureka

The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-Six – Fun Fact

Can you tell when someone is lying to you? Are you sure? Or do you think you are good at lying? Today’s Fun Fact for The Prince and the Pauper Chapter 26 focuses on…

SIGNS THAT SOMEONE IS LYING

Keep reading or watch the video below for more information.

Reference in The Prince and the Pauper

“A faint tinge appeared for a moment in the lady’s cheek, and she dropped her eyes to the floor; but her voice betrayed no emotion when she proceeded…” (p. 160)

Detecting Lies

  • Lies can be hard to detect
  • One study found people could detect lies 54% of the time
  • Trust your instincts
  • Don’t rely on body language alone
  • Ask them to tell their story in reverse

Detecting Lies

  1. Change in speech patterns
  2. The use non-congruent gestures
  3. Not saying enough
  4. Saying too much
  5. An unusual rise or fall in vocal tone
  6. Direction of their eyes
  7. Covering their mouth or eyes
  8. Excessive fidgeting
  9. Finger pointing
  10. Self-identifying as a “good liar”

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References

https://www.forensicscolleges.com/blog/resources/10-signs-someone-is-lying

https://www.verywellmind.com/how-to-tell-if-someone-is-lying-2795917

https://www.dreamstime.com/illustration/lie-telling.html

The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-Six – Historical Tidbit

Our Historical Tidbit for today focuses on an important detail from Chapter 26. Though the detail in the story is fictional, we can still make some comparisons to real life. Today’s Historical Tidbit is about…

LETTERS FROM EDWARD VI

Keep reading or watch the video below to learn more.

In this chapter, Edward realizes that no one has come looking for him, which he finds extremely odd. To remedy this situation, he decides to send a letter in three languages to prove who he is:

“ ‘But I have a plan that shall right us both—I will write a paper, in three tongues—Latin, Greek and English—and thou shalt haste away with it to London in the morning. Give it to none but my uncle, the Lord Hertford; when he shall see it, he will know and say I wrote it. Then he will send for me.’ ” (p. 157)

Edward’s Letter to the dean and chapter of Exeter

‘Edward

Trustie and welbiloved we grete youe well. And whereas the right reverend father in god our right trusty and welbiloved the bishop of Excetre hath passed a certaine graunte under his seale unto our right trustie and welbiloved comisineor Sir Willm paget knight of our ordre and comptroller of our household w[hi]ch we send unto you herewith. Nothing doubting of your conformitie to do us gratuitie and pleasour we desire and praye you to conforme the said graunte under yor chapiter seale and send the same unto us by this bearer whereby you shall do us pleasure w[hi]ch we will consider accordingly. Geven under our Signet at our pallaice of Westmr the xth of February the secound yere of our regne.

E. Somerset’

Edward’s Letter to Queen Katharine Parr

(translated from original Latin)

As I was so near to you, and saw you, or expected to see you every day, I wrote no letter to you, since letters are tokens of remembrance and kindness between those who are at a great distance.  But being urged by your request, I would not abstain longer from writing; first, that I may do what is acceptable to you, and then to answer the letter you wrote to me when you were at St. James’s, in which, first, you set before my eyes the great love you bear my father the king, of most noble memory, then your good will towards me, and lastly, your godliness and knowledge, and learning in the Scriptures. Proceed, therefore, in your virtuous course; continue to love my father, and to show the same great kindness to me which I have ever perceived in you. Cease not to love and read the Scriptures, but persevere in always reading them; for in the first you show the duty of a good wife and a good subject, and in the second, the warmth of your friendship, and in the third, your piety to God.

     Wherefore, since you love my father, I cannot but much esteem you; since you love me, I cannot but love you in return; and since you love the word of God, I do love and admire you with my whole heart. Wherefore, if there be anything wherein I may do you a kindness, either in word or deed, I will do it willingly.

Farewell, this 30th of May.


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References

http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/edwardtoparr1548.htm

https://www.manuscripts.co.uk/stock/20863.HTM

The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-Six – Vocabulary

Our vocab word for The Prince and the Pauper Chapter 26 focuses on a commonly-used verb. The vocab word is…

PROCEEDED

Keep reading or watch the video below see how the word ‘proceeded’ is used in The Prince and the Pauper.

PROCEEDED

DEFINITION

(v.) went in an orderly, regulated way
FACTS/CHARACTERISTICS

often after a pause or interruption
EXAMPLES

progressed
advanced
came along
NON-EXAMPLES

remained
stayed
stopped

Etymology

  • Language of Origin: Latin
  • procedere = “pro” (forward) + “cedere” (to go)

Sentences/Additional Forms

  • Straightforward sentence: After a brief stop at the station, the train proceeded on its way.
  • Sentence from the chapter: “…she dropped her eyes to the floor; but her voice betrayed no emotion when she proceeded…” (p. 160)
  • Other forms: proceeding (adj., n.), proceeder (n.)

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References

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mutter

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/continue-statement-in-java/

The Prince and the Pauper – Chapter Twenty-five – Current Event

In Chapter 25 of The Prince and the Pauper, Miles Hendon returns home after being gone for a very long time. There are numerous examples of similar situations in the real world, one of which we will focus on today. In the Chapter 25 Current Event, we explore…

Guo Gangtang

Keep reading or watch the video below to find out more.

Reference in The Prince and the Pauper

“ ‘What! thou art not jesting? can the dead come to life?  God be praised if it be so!  Our poor lost boy restored to our arms after all these cruel years!  Ah, it seems too good to be true, it is too good to be true—I charge thee, have pity, do not trifle with me!  Quick—come to the light—let me scan thee well!’

‘Go on, brother, go on, and fear not; thou’lt find nor limb nor feature that cannot bide the test.  Scour and scan me to thy content, my good old Hugh—I am indeed thy old Miles, thy same old Miles, thy lost brother, is’t not so?  Ah, ’tis a great day—I said ’twas a great day!  Give me thy hand, give me thy cheek—lord, I am like to die of very joy!’ ” (p. 153) 

Here we see Miles bringing Edward back through his own village with a final destination of Hendon Hall.

Who is Guo Gangtang?

  • A man living in China with his wife
  • 24 years ago, their 2 year old son was kidnapped
  • Guo traveled more than 300,000 miles on his motorcycle to search for his son
  • He handed out fliers since 1997
  • He went through 10 motorcycles searching

What happened?

  • On July 11, 2021 he and his wife were reunited with their son, Guo Zinzhen (now mid-20s)
  • A DNA test proved that this was the boy Guo had been looking for
  • Two people have been arrested in connection with his kidnapping

An Ongoing Issue in China

  • Hundreds of thousands of children may have gone missing in the last 40 years
  • Government officials in China are increasing efforts to track down victims and their captors
  • Chinese government set up a missing child alert system

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References

https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/14/world/asia/guo-gangtang-china.html

https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/07/14/chinese-father-guo-gangtang-finds-kidnapped-son/

https://www.cnn.com/videos/world/2021/07/14/guo-gangtang-son-lost-and-love-lon-orig-na.cnn